Ocean pier



A. C. RUSH.

OCEAN PIER.

APPLICATION FILED FB.10, 1920 1,423,884, Patented. July 25, 1922.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

Inuenf'or- A//mI Rus/2 A. C. RUSH.

OCEAN PIER.

1,423,884, Patented July 25, 1922;

2 SHEETS SHEET 2.

.M R E C .M m

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i 'ma ALLAN CYRUS RUSH, 0F LOSIANGELES, CALIFORNIA, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALET0'y HENRY 'LL MILLER, OF GLENDALE, CALIFORNIA.

OCEAN PIER;

Patented July .25, 192.2

Application lcd February 10, 1920. Seria1.No.v357,6S1.

To all wlw/m tmay concern:

Be it known that I, ALLAN CYRUs RUsH, aL citizen ofthe United States,residing at 1636 McCullom Street, Los Angeles, in the county ofLosAngelesand State of California, have invented a new land usefulImprovement in Ocean Piers, of which-the following is a speciiication.

lThis invention is more particularly intended for piers subjected toocean wave action, but it is understood that it ymay be employedwherever desired. y

An object ofthe invention is to provide practical means for extendingland for the landings of vessels, pleasure resorts or warehouses intothe ocean or other bodies of water and to insure against the`destruction of` the'same by wave action, and also to provide againstiiooding or spraying the surface of the land, promenade, roadway or thelike by high seas or other wave action.

The invention comprises a wave resisting structure of an elongate horseshoe form. The arch of the horseshoe being seaward and the terminals ofthe horse shoe landwardand extending indefinitely parallel to each otheras occasion may demand, and spaced fronithe land or connected-therebydirectly or by any suitable means,psuch as draw,

bascule or stationary bridges.

A feature of the invention consists in a new and useful form imposedupony the upper portion of the structure and consists in' a wavedeflecting bead or ledge arranged above normal high water level andsurmounted by a guard extending above the deflecting bead a sufHcientdistance to intercept'the ksplash and sloppings from the waves.

Another feature of the invention is the use of a shorter pile driven inbetween any four adjacent piles, toI increase the. solidity ,of thesub-foundation, and also serves as an additional anchor for the concretematrix above.

Other objects, advantages andI features of invention may appear from theaccompany-.

ing drawings, the subjoined detailed description and the appendedclaims.

The accompanying drawings illustrate the invention.

Figure l is a perspective view of a, pier constructed in accordance withthis invenpartly exposed for section of one of the driven, intosuchbottom, and by means of Colfer-dams, not shown, the heavy structure of`the pier will be constructed ou thesub foundation' thus formed with suchbottom und piles.

In such case thepiling will first be driven into the soft bottom andwill then be cut 0H to leave the tops thereof a desirable distance, sayfive or more feet below the normal level of the ocean Hoor. Then aconcrete or other suitable superfoundation rwill be imposed upon the subfoundation formed by said piles and the earth into which they have beendriven.

In practicethe concrete may extend below the tops of the piles so thatthe concrete forms a matrix which is embedded inthe earth and in whichmatrix the tops ofthe piles are embedded and held in place.

The superfoundation Q laid may be of any suitable thickness, sa f two tosixpfeet, more; or less, and will preferably be in the form of thefrustum of a triangle, the apex a of which would terminate approximatelyat the level of the surface 3 ofthe pier when completed.

When the concrete foundation or bed has thus been completed, its topsurface should be somewhat below thenormal level of the oceaniioorThezbottom of the concrete super base thus formed may in the instanceillustrated, be considered to be about five feet below the normal levelof the ocean floor. Upon this concrete bed, courses CZ of granite orother substantial stone is well constructed, and in the form shown, thesame is built of blocks 4 of granite hewn to form and secured ofconcrete thus f o ether by dowel pins 5 and concrete mor- .a 6; andsaid'stonev is laid with broken `oints and the individual stones are ofas large dimensions as available and convenient.

The granite or other heavy stone structure will extend as a facing 7,toward the wave receiving side at the arch and along both legs 9 andwill extend a requisite distance toward the inner Ytace of the pier.

ln practice it is deemed advisable to eX- tend said cut stone work wellin beyond the central plane of the stone structure and against the inner'faces oi such structure there may be formed a backing l0 of brokenstone or any suitable material.

rlhe exterior face at about eight feet above normal high water level cis formed as a ridge or bead ll and the surface 12 of the structurebelow the ridge is an ogee, tangent to the upward inward slope oi thebase. Above said ridge the surface is formed with a substantiallyupright `tace 13 extending 'from the horizontal surface 3 of thestructure, downward to the formation ot a smaller ogee tangent totheinward slope of the upper face of said ridge or bead.

The piles l are spaced apart a distance oit eight 'teet more or less ineach direction; and where it is deemed advisable, an extra, shorter pilemay be driven in the center between any four adja'centpiles, to renderits own service and to brace the other piles by crowding the sandtighter against them.

During the building or after the structure has been completed, the spaceconfined by the arch and legs or' the structure'and such Cotter-dams asmay be required at the terminals, will be filled with land formingmaterial such as sand or other loose material which may be pumped fromthe ocean bed to deepen the channels outside the pier or Yfrom the mainland. Such material may be pumped from any practical distance eitherfrom the ocean bed or the shore until, when the pier is completed, aninternal vfilling lei will have been made entirely 'within the stonestructure. Said stone structure may have. a. width at the surface otabout 25 .feet more or less for a pier of 600 feet in width.

It is deemed advisable to construct the pier of such length as toprovide a site for pleasure grounds or ttor commercial manufacturing orother purposes and tor the landing ot vessels.

The piles are preferably arranged quincuncially as shown in Fig. a andone of each live piles may be shorter than the otherfour piles and maybe driven centrally or the quincunx so as to be alined in two directionswith other piles. ln Fig. 5 the shorter piles l are driven betweenlonger pilesA l after the longer. piles have been driven. The purpose ofthis is to 'form a iii-nier and more solid and substantial bottom uponwhich the concrete 'foundation 2 may be laid, This is done by crowdingsaid shorter piles into the ocean floor between'the previously drivenlong piles.

fitter the soit bottom has been removed and the upper ends ot the pilescut oil 'to a somewhat common level. the great mass 2 oi? concrete ispoured upon said piles and the solid and moist ocean bed and becomesintegral with same.

Any sand which may have been loosened at the surface, especially aroundthe piles by operations or other causes will be compressed and held tastas it is enveloped by the great body of concrete which is establishedupon it.

I claim.

l. A pier wall having an outer ilace provided with a bead, said Jface'sloping 'from its base upward and inward toward the bead and trom theridge of the bead downward to said upwardly and inwardly slopingface,the upper tace ot the bead sloping upwardly and inwardly and a guardextending outwardly to intercept the splash and slosh.

2. A pier wall having an outer tace pro` vided with a bead, said Yfacesloping Vfrom its base upward and inward toward the bead and from theridge ot the bead downward to said upwardly and inwardly sloping lace.the upper tace of' the bead sloping upwardly and inwardly and a guardextending upward to intercept the splash and slosh, the iace ot theguard overhanging outwardly.

3. A pier wall having an outer tace provided with a plurality o'll beadsthe outer surfaces ot which extend upwardly iu an inwardly and outwardlydirection, one ol said beads acting as a wave dellecting bead, andanother olf' said beads acting a guard to intercept the splash andsloppings trom said wave detlecting bead. y

el. A. pier wall having an outer tace pro'- vided with a pluralityotbeads, aud an ogee surface below said beads. l

In testimony whereof. l have hereunto my hand at Los Angeles,California. this 20th day of January, i920.

ALLAN CYRUS RUSH.

l/Vitness:

JAMES, R. TowNsnND.

llO

